Ohio’s Amish Buggy Law Sparks Constitutional Controversy
The Swartzentruber Amish, a conservative sect within the Amish community, have initiated legal action to challenge Ohio’s new traffic law mandating yellow flashing lights on animal-drawn buggies. This lawsuit, filed in Hardin County Common Pleas Court in August 2024, argues that the law infringes upon their First Amendment right to religious expression[1][2].
My opinion:
Personally, I think it is stupid of the Amish not to light up their buggies. Where I live, there are 3 communities close by, and several more not far away. The community closest to me in Piedmont. Ohio light up their buggies with flashing lights. The Peoli Amish about 20 miles from me are Schwartzentruber, just like the group in this article. They don’t light their buggies with electric lights, but they do display a burning lantern at night.
There is a group south of me that does not light up or even use the safety triangles. One dark moonless night, traveling 50 miles an hour down a state highway, at one point I saw a black boxy shape about 100 yards ahead of me – an unlight Amish buggy with no reflective tape or triangle. If I had been distracted even for a moment, or if it had been raining, I never would have seen them.
What the Amish do not realize is when they don’t make their buggies highly visible, they do not only make it dangerous for themselves, but for others. I can’t imagine having to go through life knowing I killed someone if that had happened that evening.
I do support their right to fight this law in court. I hope they win. But I pray they change their minds about lighting their buggies before even one more person is harmed or killed.
This is about 5 miles from my house.
Legal Battle and Enforcement
Harvard University Law School’s Religious Freedom Clinic has joined forces with the Swartzentruber Amish to contest the law’s enforcement[1]. Since the law’s implementation in June 2022, over 200 citations have been issued to Amish buggy drivers[2]. The legal team has successfully obtained a temporary restraining order from the Hardin County Common Pleas Court, temporarily halting the law’s enforcement[5].
Safety Concerns vs. Religious Beliefs
The law was enacted following a statewide study revealing 723 buggy-related crashes, including 15 fatalities, over a decade[3]. Ohio’s roads are shared by millions of drivers and over 76,000 Amish and Mennonite travelers, particularly in Ashland, Wayne, and Holmes counties[3].
The Swartzentruber Amish, who formed in Holmes County over a century ago, adhere to stricter technological limitations compared to other Amish groups[3]. They use reflective tape and oil lanterns on their buggies but reject battery-powered lights, believing that showy behavior and reliance on worldly items contradict their faith[3].
Legal and Social Implications
The lawsuit contends that the law forces Swartzentruber Amish to choose between legal compliance and their religious beliefs[1]. Non-compliance can result in misdemeanor charges, fines, court costs, buggy confiscation, and property liens[2].
Some Swartzentruber Amish feel targeted by law enforcement. Court filings describe incidents where officers waited outside church services and courthouses to issue citations[1][3]. The Ohio Legislative Service Commission had previously noted potential First Amendment issues with the legislation[3].
Safety Study Findings
Interestingly, the state traffic safety study found that most buggy crashes occur during daylight and in clear weather conditions[3]. The study attributed these accidents to factors such as distracted driving, poor sight lines, and speed differentials, rather than visibility issues[1].
As this legal battle unfolds, it highlights the delicate balance between public safety concerns and the protection of religious freedoms in a diverse society.
In a significant legal battle unfolding in Ohio, members of the Amish community are seeking to overturn a controversial law mandating the use of flashing yellow lights on horse-drawn buggies. The case, filed in August 2024 in Hardin County Common Pleas Court, has drawn national attention and raised important questions about religious freedom and public safety.
The Legal Challenge
Four Amish men from West Salem, Apple Creek, Dalton, and Kenton have come forward as plaintiffs in this high-profile case. They are challenging the constitutionality of the law, which requires all buggies to be equipped with a flashing amber LED light for visibility. The defendants in the case include Ohio Attorney General David Yost, prosecutors from Hardin, Medina, and Wayne Counties, and Ohio State Highway Patrol Superintendent Charles A. Jones.
The plaintiffs argue that the law unfairly targets the Amish community and effectively criminalizes travel for Old Order Amish denominations, whose religious beliefs prohibit the use of such electric lights. This clash between modern safety regulations and traditional religious practices has set the stage for a complex legal battle.
Recent Developments
In a significant turn of events, Judge Steve Christopher granted a temporary restraining order on Tuesday, November 26, 2024. This decision temporarily halts the enforcement of the law, providing some relief to the Amish community while the case proceeds. A hearing to consider the plaintiffs’ motion for a preliminary and final injunction has been scheduled for July 8 and 9, 2025, in Hardin County Common Pleas Court.
The Controversial Law
The law at the center of this dispute was implemented in 2022, requiring Amish buggies and other animal-drawn vehicles to display a flashing yellow light while traveling on public roads. Proponents of the law argue that it is crucial for enhancing road safety, citing concerns about accidents involving horse-drawn buggies.
Safety Concerns and Statistics
The Ohio Department of Transportation conducted a study in 2019 that revealed 723 buggy-related crashes in the state between 2009 and 2019, resulting in 350 injuries and 17 fatalities2. Additionally, committee testimony indicated that 120 buggy crashes occurred in 2020, with 60% of them taking place during daylight hours.
The Amish Perspective
The Swartzentruber Amish community, which makes up about 12% of Ohio’s Amish population, has broadly refused to comply with the new law. They view the flashing lights as frivolous adornments that conflict with their religious commitment to simplicity and their desire to honor tradition.Abe Mast, a member of the conservative Kenton Amish sect, argued in earlier testimony that the Amish community was being scapegoated. He stated, “We feel the greatest cause of accidents is the use and influence of drugs and alcohol and the cell phone used while driving”.
Legal Precedents and Similar Cases
This is not the first time that safety regulations have clashed with Amish religious practices. Similar laws mandating safety emblems for slow-moving vehicles have been passed in Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, and Kentucky. In all of these cases, the laws were eventually modified to accommodate the Swartzentrubers, who found culturally acceptable alternatives such as lantern-style lights or patches of gray reflective tape.
The Harvard Connection
In an unexpected turn of events, the Ohio Swartzentrubers have received support from Harvard University Law School’s Religious Freedom Clinic. On August 20, 2024, lawyers and students affiliated with the clinic, along with Ohio-based counsel Taft Stettinius & Hollister, filed a complaint in Hardin County and moved for a preliminary injunction to halt enforcement of the law statewide.
Enforcement and Allegations of Targeting
Since the law went into effect, there have been allegations of law enforcement specifically targeting Swartzentruber drivers. Reports suggest that Swartzentrubers have been ticketed on their way home from court, and police have waited outside church services on Sundays to issue citations to departing drivers. In one particularly controversial incident, a couple with children in their buggy was rear-ended by a motorist and subsequently charged with child endangerment, a charge that carries potential jail time.
The Debate Over Effectiveness
Critics of the law, including Amish scholar Cory Anderson, question its effectiveness in preventing accidents. Anderson, who completed a master’s thesis on motor vehicle-buggy crash scenarios, argues that the flashing lights may not address common crash causes and could potentially increase risk in certain situations.
He points out that motorists may strike buggies due to factors such as sun glare, personal intoxication, cellphone use, or obstructed views from hills or curves – scenarios where battery-powered flashing lights may be ineffective.
The Legislative Process and Amish Support
The passage of the law was not without controversy. Ohio legislators who introduced House Bill 30 attempted to demonstrate Amish support by submitting letters from community members in favor of the measure. However, the authenticity and representation of these letters have been questioned, as none were signed.
Constitutional Implications
The case raises significant constitutional questions, particularly regarding the First Amendment’s protection of religious freedom. The plaintiffs argue that the law violates their right to freely practice their faith and unduly restricts their ability to move throughout the state.
Potential Outcomes and Implications
The outcome of this case could have far-reaching implications for the relationship between religious communities and state regulations. If the injunction is granted, it could set a precedent for how safety laws are balanced against religious freedoms. Conversely, if the law is upheld, it may force the Amish community to adapt their practices or face significant restrictions on their mobility.
Conclusion
As the case progresses towards its hearing dates in July 2025, it continues to draw attention from legal experts, religious freedom advocates, and safety proponents alike. The resolution of this dispute will likely have significant implications for the Amish community in Ohio and could influence similar debates across the country.
This case underscores the ongoing challenge of balancing public safety concerns with the protection of religious freedoms in a diverse society. As technology and safety standards evolve, similar conflicts may arise with other traditional communities, making the outcome of this case a potential benchmark for future legal battles.
The Amish buggy light controversy serves as a reminder of the complex interplay between tradition and modernity, religious freedom and public safety, and the role of the legal system in mediating these tensions. As the case unfolds, it will undoubtedly continue to spark important discussions about the nature of religious accommodation in contemporary America.
The Amish manage their healthcare without modern medical insurance through a unique community-based system that reflects their values of self-sufficiency and mutual aid. Here’s how they approach healthcare:
Community-Based Aid
The Amish rely on a church-based system where members contribute to a shared fund[1][2]. This fund, often referred to as “alms,” is distributed by church leaders to those in need, effectively replacing the social safety net and health insurance[2]. Members pay monthly contributions, typically between $90 and $110, to participate in this self-pay program[1].
Amish Hospital Aid
About a third of Amish participate in a more formal institution called Amish Hospital Aid (AHA)[2]. This not-for-profit organization, run by unpaid elders, collects fixed fees from members and pays for hospital care when needed. It’s particularly useful for wealthier Amish who might feel guilty using church alms meant for the poor[2].
Negotiated Discounts
Amish communities often negotiate discounts with local hospitals and healthcare providers[1][3]. They leverage their ability to pay bills quickly, sometimes within 10 days, to secure lower prices for medical care[1]. Some Amish carry benefit cards to help hospitals track these negotiated discounts[3].
Alternative and Preventive Care
The Amish tend to rely heavily on folk medicine, chiropractors, and other forms of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)[2][5]. They also maintain an active lifestyle through manual labor, which may contribute to lower rates of chronic conditions like diabetes and heart disease[3].
Limited Use of Modern Medicine
While the Amish do use modern medicine when necessary, especially for obstetrical needs and traumatic injuries, they generally avoid it when possible[5]. They tend to distrust the American medical and pharmaceutical industry, viewing it as profit-oriented[5].
Benefit Auctions
For exceptionally high medical bills, Amish communities often organize benefit auctions, also known as “mud sales”[3]. These events raise funds to help cover significant healthcare expenses.
Government Exemptions
The Amish are exempt from many healthcare-related laws and taxes, including Medicare, Social Security, and the Affordable Care Act mandate[2][3]. This allows them to manage their healthcare costs according to their cultural and religious beliefs.
This system allows the Amish to maintain their healthcare needs while adhering to their cultural values of community support and separation from mainstream society.
In a surprising turn of events, an Amish community in Grey County, Ontario finds itself facing nearly $300,000 CAD (approximately $215,000 USD) in fines and property liens for failing to comply with COVID-19 measures when crossing the U.S.-Canada border in 2021 and 2022. The issue stems from the community’s inability to use the mandatory ArriveCAN app, a smartphone application required for entering Canada during the pandemic.
The Democracy Fund (TDF), a Canadian charity dedicated to constitutional rights, has stepped in to support the Amish community. According to TDF, 74 community members were fined for failing to complete the ArriveCAN app and other violations. Many of these individuals were not properly notified about the tickets or trial dates, leading to convictions in their absence.
The Amish, known for their 18th-century lifestyle that eschews modern technology, were unable to comply with the digital requirements. As TDF senior litigation counsel Adam Blake-Gallipeau explains, “These are people who, due to their faith, do not use modern technology. They travel by horse and buggy and are unfamiliar with operating a telephone, let alone an app on a present-day cell phone.”
The severity of the situation became apparent when a community member attempted to secure financing for a property purchase, only to discover that liens had been placed on their properties by collection agencies. This development poses a significant threat to the Amish way of life, as their livelihoods depend heavily on their land for farming and other traditional practices.
Government Response and Political Intervention
The Canadian government, through Bryan Sparks, a spokesperson for the Welland Provincial Offenses Crown office, maintains that the Amish could have responded to the fines by mail or by traveling to the court in person. However, this stance has been criticized as unreasonable given the Amish community’s limited interaction with modern systems.
The issue has garnered attention in Canada’s House of Commons, with Conservative MP Alex Ruff arguing that the Liberal government failed to adequately communicate with the Amish community about the Quarantine Act measures. Ruff points out that while others could access this information online or by phone, his Amish constituents could not due to their technological limitations.
Legal Challenges and Potential Resolution
TDF lawyers are now filing applications to reopen these convictions. If granted, they plan to challenge the fines in court. The legal process is expected to be lengthy, but TDF is committed to addressing what they view as a pandemic-related injustice.
Richard Moon, a professor at the University of Windsor, expressed surprise that the government had not reached an accommodation with the Amish before the convictions were registered, describing the situation as “unduly harsh”.
As Canada moves past the active phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, this case highlights the ongoing repercussions of pandemic-era policies. It raises important questions about balancing public health measures with religious freedoms and the need for governments to consider diverse communities when implementing broad policies.
The outcome of this legal battle could have significant implications for how governments approach similar situations in the future, particularly when dealing with communities that have unique cultural or religious practices that may conflict with modern technological requirements.
The Amish community, often characterized by their simple lifestyle and distinct dress, is a fascinating subject that intrigues many. Here are seven lesser-known facts about the Amish that shed light on their unique culture and beliefs.
1. The Origin of the Amish
The Amish originated in the late 17th century as a sect of the Anabaptist movement in Europe, primarily led by Jakob Ammann. They migrated to America in the early 18th century to escape religious persecution and sought land for farming. The name “Amish” derives from Ammann’s last name, reflecting their historical roots and commitment to a life separated from mainstream society[2][5].
2. Language and Communication
Contrary to popular belief, the term “Pennsylvania Dutch” does not refer to people from the Netherlands. Instead, it is a corruption of “Deutsch,” referring to the German language spoken by the Amish. They primarily speak a dialect of German known as Pennsylvania German, which has evolved separately from modern German due to their isolation[2][3].
3. Diverse Groups Within the Amish Community
The Amish are not a monolithic group; they consist of various subgroups with differing practices and beliefs. The four main categories include the Old Order, New Order, Beachy Amish, and Amish Mennonites. These groups vary significantly in their use of technology, dress codes, and community rules. For instance, while Old Order Amish strictly avoid modern conveniences like cars, some Beachy Amish may use them regularly[2][5].
4. Amish Dress Code
Amish clothing is designed to reflect their values of humility and simplicity. Men typically wear dark trousers without creases or cuffs, while women wear long dresses with head coverings. Interestingly, buttons are often avoided because they can be seen as ostentatious; instead, clothing is fastened with hooks or pins. Married men grow beards as a sign of their marital status but do not wear mustaches due to historical associations with military service[1][2].
5. Technological Adaptations
While the Amish are known for rejecting many modern technologies, they do make selective exceptions based on community consensus. For example, some communities permit the use of batteries for certain devices like clocks or buggies, and solar power is becoming more common in some areas. This selective adaptation allows them to maintain their lifestyle while benefiting from certain technological conveniences[3][5].
6. Dietary Practices
The Amish do not have specific dietary restrictions dictated by their faith; instead, they enjoy a traditional Pennsylvania Dutch diet that includes hearty meals featuring meat, dairy products, and homegrown vegetables. Surprisingly, they can be seen dining at popular chain restaurants or enjoying modern cuisine when they venture into non-Amish areas[3][5].
7. Community Support and Taxes
Despite misconceptions about their relationship with government systems, the Amish pay taxes just like any other American citizens. They contribute to local and state taxes but are exempt from Social Security due to their belief in community support systems for healthcare and welfare needs. This reflects their commitment to self-sufficiency and mutual aid within their communities[2][5].
These insights into Amish life reveal a complex culture that balances tradition with selective adaptation to modern society while maintaining core values of simplicity and community support.
Nestled in the heart of Washington, Indiana, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner stands as a testament to traditional values and authentic Amish cuisine. Located at 4630 US Highway 50, Washington, IN 47501, this charming establishment has become a beloved destination for locals and tourists alike[3][5].
A Taste of Amish Culture
Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner offers visitors a unique opportunity to experience the rich flavors and warm hospitality of Amish culture. The restaurant’s commitment to preserving traditional recipes and cooking methods has made it a standout in the local culinary scene.
Authentic Amish Cuisine
The menu at Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner features a wide array of hearty, home-style dishes that reflect the simplicity and wholesomeness of Amish cooking. Visitors can expect to find classic comfort foods prepared with fresh, locally-sourced ingredients. From savory meat dishes to delectable baked goods, every item on the menu is crafted with care and attention to detail.
Bakery Delights
One of the highlights of Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner is its bakery section[2]. The aroma of freshly baked bread, pies, and pastries wafts through the air, enticing customers to indulge in these sweet treats. The bakery offers a variety of traditional Amish desserts, including shoofly pie, whoopie pies, and hand-rolled soft pretzels.
A Community Gathering Place
More than just a restaurant, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner has become a central hub for the local community. Its welcoming atmosphere and friendly staff create an environment where people can come together to share a meal and connect with one another.
Family-Friendly Atmosphere
The restaurant’s casual attire policy and family-friendly environment make it an ideal spot for gatherings of all sizes[2]. Whether you’re stopping in for a quick lunch or planning a family dinner, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner provides a comfortable setting for all occasions.
Supporting Local Producers
Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner takes pride in supporting local farmers and producers. By sourcing ingredients from nearby farms and artisans, the restaurant not only ensures the freshness of its dishes but also contributes to the local economy.
A Culinary Journey Through Amish Traditions
Visiting Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner is more than just a dining experience; it’s an opportunity to immerse oneself in Amish culinary traditions. The restaurant serves as a living showcase of Amish cooking techniques and flavors that have been passed down through generations.
Seasonal Specialties
Throughout the year, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner offers seasonal specialties that highlight the bounty of each season. From hearty stews in the winter to fresh fruit pies in the summer, the menu evolves to reflect the changing availability of local produce.
Preserving Culinary Heritage
By maintaining traditional Amish recipes and cooking methods, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner plays a crucial role in preserving an important aspect of Amish cultural heritage. Visitors have the opportunity to taste dishes that have remained largely unchanged for generations, providing a unique window into Amish history and traditions.
Beyond the Dining Room
Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner extends its offerings beyond just sit-down meals. The establishment has adapted to meet the diverse needs of its customers while still maintaining its core values and traditions.
Takeout Options
For those on the go, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner offers convenient takeout options[6]. This allows customers to enjoy the restaurant’s delicious offerings in the comfort of their own homes or while exploring the surrounding area.
Catering Services
The restaurant’s reputation for quality food and service has made it a popular choice for catering events in the local community. From small gatherings to large celebrations, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner brings its unique flavors to a variety of off-site events.
A Destination for Food Enthusiasts
Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner has gained recognition beyond the local community, attracting food enthusiasts from across the region. Its commitment to authentic Amish cuisine and warm hospitality has made it a must-visit destination for those exploring Southern Indiana.
Media Recognition
The restaurant’s dedication to preserving Amish culinary traditions has not gone unnoticed. Local media outlets have featured Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner, highlighting its role in showcasing Amish culture and cuisine[7]. These features have helped to spread awareness of the restaurant and attract visitors from further afield.
Tourist Attraction
As part of the broader tourism landscape in Southern Indiana, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner serves as an important cultural attraction. It offers visitors a taste of Amish life and traditions, complementing other Amish-themed attractions in the region.
The People Behind the Counter
At the heart of Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner’s success are the dedicated individuals who work tirelessly to maintain the restaurant’s high standards and welcoming atmosphere.
Family-Owned Business
As a family-owned and operated establishment, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner embodies the values of hard work, dedication, and community that are central to Amish culture. The personal touch provided by the owners and staff contributes significantly to the restaurant’s warm and inviting atmosphere.
Skilled Artisans
The kitchen at Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner is staffed by skilled cooks and bakers who have honed their craft over many years. Their expertise in traditional Amish cooking techniques ensures that every dish is prepared to perfection.
Looking to the Future
While firmly rooted in tradition, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner has shown a willingness to adapt to changing times and customer needs.
Embracing Technology
Despite the traditional nature of its cuisine, the restaurant has embraced modern conveniences where appropriate. For example, they accept credit cards, making it easier for customers to enjoy their meals without worrying about carrying cash[2][6].
Continuing the Legacy
As Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner looks to the future, its focus remains on preserving the authentic Amish dining experience that has made it a beloved institution in Washington, Indiana. By maintaining its commitment to quality, tradition, and community, the restaurant is poised to continue delighting visitors for generations to come.
In conclusion, Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner, located at 4630 US Highway 50, Washington, IN 47501, offers more than just a meal. It provides a gateway into Amish culture, a celebration of traditional cuisine, and a warm, welcoming environment that brings people together. Whether you’re a local resident or a curious traveler, a visit to Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner promises a memorable experience that will leave you with a deeper appreciation for Amish culinary traditions and hospitality.
Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner, located at 4630 US Highway 50, Washington, IN 47501, is renowned for its authentic Amish cuisine and warm hospitality. Visitors to this charming establishment can expect a delightful culinary experience that showcases traditional Amish flavors. Here are some must-try dishes that highlight the essence of what Knepp’s has to offer:
Must-Try Dishes at Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner
1. Fried Chicken
The fried chicken at Knepp’s is a standout dish, known for its crispy exterior and juicy interior. Prepared using traditional methods, this dish is often served with sides like mashed potatoes and gravy, making it a comforting meal that embodies Amish home cooking.
2. Homemade Noodles
Knepp’s homemade noodles are a beloved staple, often served in a rich broth or alongside hearty meat dishes. Their texture and flavor are reminiscent of family recipes passed down through generations, providing an authentic taste of Amish cuisine.
3. Meatloaf
The meatloaf at Knepp’s is another favorite among patrons. Made with a blend of ground meats and spices, it’s baked to perfection and served with classic sides such as green beans and corn. This dish is a true representation of comfort food.
4. Mashed Potatoes with Gravy
No Amish meal is complete without mashed potatoes, and Knepp’s serves them with a generous helping of rich gravy. The creamy texture and savory flavor make this side dish a perfect accompaniment to any main course.
5. Cornbread
Knepp’s cornbread is moist and slightly sweet, often enjoyed as a side dish or even as a snack on its own. It pairs beautifully with the restaurant’s savory entrees.
6. Shoofly Pie
For dessert, the shoofly pie is a must-try. This classic Amish dessert features a rich molasses filling topped with a crumbly streusel layer. It’s sweet, sticky, and utterly delicious—a perfect way to end your meal.
7. Whoopie Pies
These delightful treats consist of two soft chocolate cakes filled with creamy frosting in between. Whoopie pies are popular among diners at Knepp’s and make for an indulgent dessert option.
8. Baked Goods from the Bakery
Knepp’s bakery offers an array of fresh baked goods daily, including breads, pastries, and pies. Items like apple pie or cinnamon rolls are particularly popular and showcase the baking skills that are central to Amish culinary traditions.
9. Breakfast Specials
If you visit during breakfast hours, be sure to try their breakfast specials which may include pancakes, eggs cooked to order, and sausage links—all served in generous portions that reflect the hearty nature of Amish meals.
10. Daily Specials
Knepp’s frequently features daily specials that highlight seasonal ingredients or traditional dishes not always on the regular menu. These can include pot roast or seasonal vegetable dishes that provide variety for repeat visitors.
Conclusion
Knepp’s Amish Kountry Korner offers an inviting atmosphere where guests can enjoy authentic Amish dishes made from traditional recipes. With its emphasis on comfort food and homemade goodness, this restaurant not only satisfies hunger but also provides a glimpse into the rich culinary heritage of the Amish community in Indiana. Whether you’re stopping by for breakfast, lunch, or dinner, each dish promises to be a delightful experience that reflects the warmth and hospitality of its roots.
